Ventricular septal defect is a not uncommon congenital abnormality that can occur alone or as part of various syndromes. The most common site of a VSD is in the membranous part of interventricular septum.
A VSD causes a left-to-right shunt, which can result in pulmonary hypertension and cardiac failure. Historically, VSDs that were clinically significant required open heart surgery, but increasingly, percutaneous procedures done by interventional cardiologists are being used to “plug the hole.”
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