{"id":2041,"date":"2009-12-27T11:27:42","date_gmt":"2009-12-27T16:27:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/insidesurgery.com\/?p=2041"},"modified":"2014-08-22T21:25:02","modified_gmt":"2014-08-23T01:25:02","slug":"mumps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/insidesurgery.com\/2009\/12\/mumps\/","title":{"rendered":"Mumps"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pathophysiology of Mumps<\/h4>\n

mumps is a:<\/p>\n

systemic viral infection caused by paramyxovirus<\/a>, with characteristic finding of parotid enlargement<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Signs and Symptoms<\/h4>\n
\"mumps\"

right sided facial swelling characteristic of mumps<\/p><\/div>\n

1)<\/strong> prodrome of fever, malaise, and anorexia
\n2)<\/strong> parotid enlargement (usually bilateral but not always synchronous) 24 hours later
\n3)<\/strong> swelling of submaxillary and sublingual glands
\n4)<\/strong> tenderness to palpation at area between earlobe and angle of mandible
\n5)<\/strong> difficulty talking, chewing, and swallowing
\n6)<\/strong> orchitis (usually unilateral) with testicular enlargement two to three times normal size (20%)
\n7)<\/strong> aseptic meningitis with drowsiness, headache, and stiff neck (15%) 8)<\/strong> pancreatitis<\/p>\n

Characteristic Test Findings<\/h4>\n

CSF<\/em> –<\/p>\n

1)<\/strong> increased lymphocytes
\n2)<\/strong> decreased glucose (this is unusual in viral infections and leads to misdiagnosis of bacterial meningitis)<\/p>\n

Histology\/Gross Pathology<\/h4>\n

1)<\/strong> enveloped RNA virus with two major glycoproteins – hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F)
\n2)<\/strong> red, swollen orifice of Stensen’s duct<\/p>\n

Associated Conditions<\/h4>\n

1)<\/strong> deafness
\n2)<\/strong> encephalitis
\n3)<\/strong> transverse myelitis
\n4)<\/strong> Guillain-Barre syndrome
\n5)<\/strong> TTP
\n6)<\/strong> arthritis
\n7)<\/strong> thyroiditis
\n8)<\/strong> spontaneous abortions<\/p>\n

Inheritance\/Epidemiology<\/h4>\n

1)<\/strong> before vaccine occurred as epidemic disease of young in the USA
\n2)<\/strong> now > 50% of the 1500 cases\/year in USA in young adults
\n3)<\/strong> also described in epidemics in schools and barracks
\n4)<\/strong> incubation period is 15 days
\n5)<\/strong> one attack gives lifelong immunity<\/p>\n

Treatment<\/h4>\n

1)<\/strong> vaccine as part of the MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine given at 12-15 months of age and 4-6 years of age
\n2)<\/strong> anecdotal reports of alpha interferon for severe orchitis
\n 3)<\/strong> general supportive care<\/p>\n

Tips for USMLE<\/h4>\n

1)<\/strong> the CSF is atypical for viral meningitis in that the glucose is low (as opposed to a normal level expected in most viral meningitis etiologies)
\n2)<\/strong> if a 21 year old man has a 2-day history of malaise and low-grade fever; develops swelling in the lower face bilaterally with the right side more pronounced; and who has a red, swollen duct on the inside of his right lateral mouth, think mumps<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pathophysiology of Mumps mumps is a: systemic viral infection caused by paramyxovirus, with characteristic finding of parotid enlargement<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5123,5108,63],"tags":[661,665,666,663,662,660,664],"yoast_head":"\nMumps - InsideSurgery Medical Information Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/insidesurgery.com\/2009\/12\/mumps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mumps - 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