When pleural fluid is drained from the chest, it is usually sent for laboratory analysis. If the total glucose level is < 60 mg/dL or the ratio of … [Read more...]
Pleural Fluid
When pleural fluid is drained from the thoracic cavity it should be examined for any characteristics that might indicate etiology. Fluid … [Read more...]
Decerebrate Posturing
Decerebrate posturing, similar to decorticate posturing, is an ominous physical sign of severe brain injury. … [Read more...]
Decorticate Posturing
Decorticate flexion or posturing is a neurological emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. It is typically an indication of a lesion … [Read more...]
Tips for Bariatric Surgery Care
Bariatric surgery to effect weight loss is now a commonly performed procedure best performed in high volume centers. Most programs for gastric bypass … [Read more...]
Cardiac Contractility Interventions
Cardiac contractility is the ability of the heart muscle to contract and pump blood out of the heart chambers into the coronary and peripheral … [Read more...]
Rapid Neuro Exam To Assess Brainstem Function
Rapid neuro exam assessment can be used When faced with a head trauma or other rapidly deteriorating clinical situation. Experienced clinicians … [Read more...]
Afterload Interventions
Afterload interventions may make it easier or more difficult for the heart to pump blood volume through the distal peripheral circulation by changing … [Read more...]
Bi-Level Ventilation Mode
Bi-level ventilation mode (aka as "bivent") has been used increasingly in intensive care units over the last decade. It is a relatively … [Read more...]
CHADS 2 Score for Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation
A commonly used algorithm to determine the stroke risk after onset of atrial fibrillation is calculation of the CHADS 2 score. The higher the CHADS 2 … [Read more...]
Reversal of Neuromuscular Blockade
Reversal of neuromuscular blockade is sometimes used to assist in extubating a patient postoperatively. Generally, a train-of-four test is performed … [Read more...]
Train-of-four
When anesthesiologists or intensive care physicians are determining suitability for reversing neuromuscular blockade, a train-of-four or "twitch" test … [Read more...]
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