Category Archives: History of Surgery and Medicine

James A. Garfield’s Mortal Wound

James A. Garfield, the 20th President of the United States, was assassinated in 1881 by gunman Charles J. Guiteau firing into his abdomen. He also suffered a grazing bullet wound to his arm. What is not generally recognized is that Garfield lived for eleven weeks after being shot. The mortal injury occurred when a bullet Continue Reading

Dr. Thomas Addison

Thomas Addison, M.D. was the chief physician at Guys’s Hospital in 1855 when he published his famous paper first describing the connection between disease of the adrenals and the then fatal constellation of symptoms that later came to be named after him. Addison was a brilliant clinician and diagnostician. He is also credited with recognizing Continue Reading

Queen Victoria’s Labor Anesthesia

In the spring of 1853 Queen Victoria was 34 years old and pregnant with her fourth child. Her first three children had been born at Buckingham Palace with her personal physician James Clark in attendance. The fourth child was to be born on the morning of April 7, 1853 in much the same circumstances except one – the use of chloroform that